As a matter of normal action in your mouth, your saliva causes a build up of chalky tartar around the necks of teeth and under the gums. This is worse in areas where we brush poorly.
Above the gums, the bottom of the tartar layer forms a ledge which bacteria fester beneath – but we can’t brush them away, so they inflame the gums (bleeding gums).
Under the gums, the rough surface of the tartar on the surface of the tooth allows bacteria to multiply and irritate the seal between the gum and tooth, so bone is eventually destroyed and teeth become wobbly.